vuông góc
Definition
Adjective (Geometry):
- Perpendicular: Describing two lines, planes, or a line and a plane that meet at a 90-degree (right) angle.
- Rectangular: Describing a shape or figure that contains a right angle, such as a right-angled triangle.
Adjective (General):
- Orthogonal: A more technical term used in mathematics, engineering, and computer science to describe perpendicularity or statistical independence.
Usage Examples
- Adjective:
- Hai đường thẳng này vuông góc với nhau. (These two lines are perpendicular to each other.)
- Một tam giác vuông có một góc vuông góc. (A right triangle has one right angle.)
- Các trục tọa độ được đặt vuông góc. (The coordinate axes are placed orthogonally.)
Advanced Usage
In linear algebra, vectors are described as "vuông góc" (orthogonal) if their dot product is zero.
- Hai vector này vuông góc vì tích vô hướng của chúng bằng không. (These two vectors are orthogonal because their dot product is zero.)
In technical drawings, the symbol "⏊" is used to denote a "vuông góc" (perpendicular) condition between features.
Variants and Related Words
Góc vuông (n): A right angle (a 90-degree angle).
- Hình vuông có bốn góc vuông. (A square has four right angles.)
Đường vuông góc (n): A perpendicular line.
- Vẽ một đường vuông góc từ điểm A đến đường thẳng BC. (Draw a perpendicular line from point A to line BC.)
Tính vuông góc (n): Perpendicularity (the quality or state of being perpendicular).
Synonyms
- Perpendicular: Meeting at a right angle.
- Orthogonal: A formal synonym, especially in technical contexts.
- Normal: Often used to describe a line perpendicular to a surface or tangent.
Related Idioms and Phrases
Cắt nhau vuông góc: To intersect perpendicularly.
- Đường phố cắt nhau vuông góc tạo thành các ô bàn cờ. (The streets intersect perpendicularly, forming a grid pattern.)
Vuông góc và đồng phẳng: Perpendicular and coplanar (a description of geometric relationships).